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This article delves into the intricate interplay between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cancer, spanning from genetic variations to the complexities of tumour development. PUFAs, essential components of the human diet, have been implicated in cancer biology, with recent research highlighting the role of genetics in modulating this relationship. The exploration begins by unraveling the genetic blueprint of PUFA metabolism, unveiling how specific genetic variations impact PUFA availability and metabolism [1]. From there, the article navigates through the molecular pathways connecting PUFAs to cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic responses. Furthermore, it examines the role of PUFAs in the oncogenic landscape, shedding light on their influence on tumour development and responses. This comprehensive journey culminates in a discussion of the prospects of precision oncology, where the genetic-PUFA connection informs personalized strategies for cancer prevention and treatment. The article concludes by charting future directions and implications, underscoring the significance of understanding the genetic basis of the PUFA-cancer nexus in reshaping the landscape of cancer research and care [2].
